Islamic Calendar

The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar or Hijri calendar (Arabic: التقويم الهجري‎; at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری ‎ taqvim-e hejri-ye qamari; Turkish: Hicri Takvim; Urdu: اسلامی تقویم Islami taqwīm; Indonesian: Kalender Hijriah; Malay: Takwim Hijrah) is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. It is used to date events in many Muslim countries (concurrently with the Gregorian calendar), and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate Islamic holy days and festivals. The first year was the year during which the emigration of the Islamic prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, known as the Hijra, occurred. Each numbered year is designated either H for Hijra or AH for the Latin anno Hegirae (in the year of the Hijra). The current Islamic year is 1432 AH, from approximately 7 December 2010 (evening) to 26 November 2011 (evening).
Being a purely lunar calendar, it is not synchronized with the seasons. With an annual drift of 11 or 12 days, the seasonal relation repeats about every 33 Islamic years.

The Islamic months are named as follows in Arabic:
1. Muḥarram — المحرّم, "forbidden" — so called because it was unlawful to fight during this month. Muharram is the second most sacred Muslim month and includes the Day of Ashura. 10 of Muharrem is so good to fasting, and do el zakat, count all the money you have , and take amount to give it, money , gold , animals such cow and sheep, but the amount should be 1200 dollar something like this, if you have less than 1000dollars, dont give, so it means, Allah makes to test rich people 
" The best fasting after the month of Ramadaan is fasting the month Muharram ". [ Narrated by Muslim ]

2. Ṣafar — صفر, "void" — supposedly named because pagan Arabs looted during this month and left the houses empty.

3. Rabīe el awal (Rabīʿ al-Awwal) — ربيع الأوّل, "the first Spring".

4. Rabīe el thani (Rabīʿ ath-Thānī) or (Rabīʿ al-Ākhir) — ربيع الثاني or ربيع الآخر, "the second (or last) Spring".
5. Jumādā el awal (Jumādā al-Ūlā) — جمادى الأولى, "the first month of parched land".

6. Jumādā el thani (Jumādā ath-Thāniya or Jumādā al-Ākhira) — جمادى الآخرة, جمادى الثانية, "the second (or last) month of parched land".

7. Rajab — رجب, "respect" or "honor". Rajab is another of the sacred months in which fighting was traditionally forbidden.
8. Shaʿbān — شعبان, "scattered", marking the time of year when Arab tribes dispersed to find water.

9. Ramaḍān — رمضان, "scorched". Ramadan is the most venerated month of the Hijri calendar, during which Muslims fast between dawn and sunset.

10. Shawwāl — شوّال,  Shawwāl (شوّال) is the tenth month of the lunar Islamic calendar. Shawwāl means to ‘lift or carry or raised’; as she-camels begin to raise their tails during this time of the year, after giving birth.The first day of Shawwāl is Eid ul-Fitr. Some Muslims observe six days of fasting during Shawwāl beginning the day after Eid ul-Fitr since fasting is prohibited on this day. These six days of fasting together with the Ramadan fasts, are equivalent to fasting "perpetually", according to Sahih Muslim. The reasoning behind this tradition is that a good deed in Islam is rewarded 10 times, hence fasting 30 days during Ramadan and 6 days during Shawwāl is equivalent to fasting the whole year in terms of reward. Sahih Muslim (Arabic: صحيح مسلم, ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, full title Al-Musnadu Al-Sahihu bi Naklil Adli) is one of the Six major collections of the hadith in Sunni Islam, oral traditions relating to the words and deeds of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad.
11. Dhū al-Qaʿda — ذو القعدة, "the one of truce". Dhu al-Qa'da was another month during which war was banned.

12. Dhū al-Ḥijja — ذو الحجّة, "the one of pilgrimage", referring to the annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, the Hajj.


1432AH=2011AD